Search results for "thermal [correlation function]"

The thermoelasticity problem of axisymmetric solids with a thermal conductivity linearly depending on the temperature and on the volumetric strain

2000

Thermal inertia modeling for soil surface water content estimation: A laboratory experiment

2012

We are proposing a new method for estimating soil surface water content from thermal inertia distributions retrieved from visible–near infrared (VISNIR)and thermal infrared (TIR) images. A drying experiment was conducted on three fi ne-textured soils while acquiring multispectral VIS-NIR and TIR images. Simultaneous measurements of soil water content and thermal inertia were conducted by the thermogravimetric method and the heat pulse technique, respectively. Direct measurements were used to test the thermal inertia approach proposed by Murray and Verhoef that requires only knowledge of soil porosity and can be easily inverted to derive soil water content from thermal inertia. For the three…

Uptake of poly(2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)-coated gold nanoparticles in microvascular endothelial cells and transport across the blood-brain barri…

2020

The facile and modular functionalization of gold nanoparticles makes them versatile tools in nanomedicine, for instance, photothermal therapy, contrast agents or as model nanoparticles to probe drug-delivery mechanisms. Since endothelial cells from various locations in the body exhibit unique phenotypes we quantitatively examined the amount of different sized poly(2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)-coated gold nanoparticles internalized into primary human dermal endothelial cells or human brain endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and visualized the nanoparticles using light and electron microscopy. Poly(2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)…

Thermal potential of ion-exchange membranes and its application to thermoelectric power generation

2016

The low efficiency and high price of thermoelectric semiconductors has generated interest in unconventional forms of thermoelectric materials. In this article, ionic thermoelectricity has been studied with commercial ion-exchange membranes for different aqueous 1:1 electrolytes. The theory of thermal membrane potential has been derived taking into account the ionic heats of transport, the non-isothermal Donnan potentials, the temperature polarization, and the thermally-induced concentration polarization of the electrolyte. Also the generated thermoelectric power has been experimentally studied. The experiments show good agreement with the theory, and suggest ways for systematic improvement …

Multi-resolution study of thermal unmixing techniques over Madrid Urban Area: case study of TRISHNA mission

2019

This work is linked to the future Indian&ndash

Novel method and instruments for the optimal techno-economic sizing of borehole heat exchangers

2021

El test de respuesta térmica (TRT) es ampliamente utilizado como método estándar para caracterizar las propiedades térmicas del terreno adyacente a un intercambiador de calor enterrado (BHE). Los métodos tradicionales para interpretar los resultados aplican soluciones analíticas o numéricas asumiendo que el terreno es infinito, homogéneo e isotrópico. Sin embargo, en realidad el subsuelo presenta generalmente una estructura estratificada y heterogénea, y por lo tanto las propiedades térmicas pueden variar sustancialmente con la profundidad. En este sentido y con la intención de resolver las limitaciones del TRT estándar, la presente tesis doctoral se centra en el desarrollo de métodos e ins…

Characterization and Evaluation of Hydrothermal Liquefaction Char from Alkali Lignin in Subcritical Temperatures.

2021

An evaluation of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) char is investigated in this work. Morphological studies, N2 adsorption behavior, FTIR analysis, thermal behavior, and elemental composition are studied. The HTL char yield showed an increase with higher operating temperatures. It increased from 11.02% to 33% when the temperature increased from 573 K to 623 K. At lower temperatures, the residence time showed an impact on the yield, while close to the critical point, residence time became less impactful. Elemental analysis showed that both higher operating temperatures and longer residence times increased the nitrogen content of the chars from 0.32% to 0.51%. FTIR analysis suggested the char b…

Sea Wave Energy. A Review of the Current Technologies and Perspectives

2021

The proposal of new technologies capable of producing electrical energy from renewable sources has driven research into seas and oceans. Research finds this field very promising in the future of renewable energies, especially in areas where there are specific climatic and morphological characteristics to exploit large amounts of energy from the sea. In general, this kind of energy is referred to as six energy resources: waves, tidal range, tidal current, ocean current, ocean thermal energy conversion, and saline gradient. This review has the aim to list several wave-energy converter power plants and to analyze their years of operation. In this way, a focus is created to understand how many …

Effect of transition metals and homogeneous hydrogen producers in the hydrothermal liquefaction of sewage sludge

2022

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of sewage sludge (SS) was performed in the presence of metallic Zn, Fe and Ni to investigate their effect on the performances of the process in terms of product yields and quality. Experiments were performed in subcritical water at 350 ◦C for 10 min using each metal individually and in the presence of homogenous hydrogen producers like formic acid (FA) and KOH. Interesting results were obtained with Zn that when used alone or in the presence of KOH, increased the cumulative biocrude (BC) yields and resulted in energy recoveries (ER) higher than 100% with respect to initial energy content of the biomass, thus indicating that HTL of SS is globally endothermic. …

Study of High-Temperature Behaviour of ZnO by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

2021

Wurtzite-type zinc oxide (w-ZnO) is a widely used material with a pronounced structural anisotropy along the c axis, which affects its lattice dynamics and represents a difficulty for its accurate description using classical models of interatomic interactions. In this study, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) was employed to simulate a bulk w-ZnO phase in the NpT ensemble in the high-temperature range from 300 K to 1200 K. The results of the simulations were validated by comparison with the experimental Zn K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra and known diffraction data. AIMD NpT simulations reproduced well the thermal expansion of the lattice, and the pronounced …